Kepler-85 and Its Four Planets

Kepler-85 is a star located 2500 light-years away. It is 4.37 billion years old and has a mass of 0.92 solar masses, a radius of 0.88 solar radii, and a temperature of 5500 K. Its reported mass and radius estimates are smaller than the Sun's, and its reported temperature is cooler than the Sun's. Four planets are known to orbit this host.

Kepler-85 b and Kepler-85 c are both classified as Super-Earths, a size class that reaches 2.5 times Earth's radius. Both were discovered by transit in 2012. Kepler-85 b has a mass of 1.84 Earth masses, a radius of 1.78 Earth radii, and an orbital period of 8.3 days. Its mean density is 1.8 g/cm³, 0.327 times Earth's. Kepler-85 c has a mass of 2.15 Earth masses, a radius of 1.98 Earth radii, and an orbital period of 12.5 days. Its mean density is 1.53 g/cm³, 0.278 times Earth's. The reported radius and mass estimates of both planets are larger than Earth's.

Kepler-85 d and Kepler-85 e are both classified as Earth-like, a size class that stays within 1.5 times Earth's radius. Both were discovered by transit in 2014. Kepler-85 d has a radius of 1.2 Earth radii and an orbital period of 17.9 days. Kepler-85 e has a radius of 1.27 Earth radii and an orbital period of 25.2 days. Both planets have reported radius estimates larger than Earth's.

Among the listed planets, Kepler-85 b has the shortest year by reported estimates, at 8.3 days, and Kepler-85 c has the second-shortest, at 12.5 days. Kepler-85 d has the second-longest year, at 17.9 days, and Kepler-85 e has the longest, at 25.2 days. Kepler-85 d also has the smallest radius, at 1.2 Earth radii, while Kepler-85 e has the second-smallest, at 1.27 Earth radii. Kepler-85 b has the second-largest radius, at 1.78 Earth radii, and Kepler-85 c has the largest, at 1.98 Earth radii.