TOI-1994 b: A Jupiter-Like World Around a Hot, Massive Star

TOI-1994 is a single star located 1680 light-years away, and it hosts exactly one known planet. The star has an age of 0.94 billion years, and it is larger and more massive than the Sun: its mass is 1.86 solar masses, its radius is 2.3 solar radii, and its temperature is 7700 K, making it hotter than the Sun.

The planet, TOI-1994 b, was discovered by the transit method in 2024, when it passed in front of its star and produced a small dip in observed brightness. It is classified as Jupiter-like, meaning its radius exceeds four times Earth's radius. Its radius is 13.7 Earth radii, and its mass is 7020 Earth masses, roughly 22.1 times Jupiter's mass. It completes one orbit in 4.03 days. Its mean density is 15.1 g/cm³, which is 2.75 times Earth's density. Its reported radius and mass estimates are larger than Earth's.