Kepler-164: A Four-Planet System in the Kepler Field

Kepler-164 is a star located 2910 light-years away, and four planets have been found to orbit it. The star is estimated to be 3.47 billion years old, with a mass of 1.09 solar masses and a radius of 1.13 solar radii. Its temperature is 6050 K. Each of those stellar measurements is larger or hotter than the corresponding value for the Sun.

All four planets were detected by the transit method, in which a planet passes in front of its star from our viewpoint and causes a small dip in observed brightness. Repeated dips help establish orbital periods. Kepler-164 b, c, and d were discovered in 2014, while Kepler-164 e was discovered in 2023.

Kepler-164 b is an Earth-like planet with an orbital period of 5.04 days and a radius of 1.41 Earth radii. Kepler-164 c is Neptune-like, with an orbital period of 10.9 days and a radius of 2.73 Earth radii. Kepler-164 d is a Super-Earth with an orbital period of 29 days and a radius of 2.45 Earth radii. Kepler-164 e is Jupiter-like, with an orbital period of 94.9 days and a radius of 4.24 Earth radii. Every one of these radii is larger than Earth's.

Among the listed planets, Kepler-164 b has the shortest year by reported estimates, at 5.04 days, and the smallest radius, at 1.41 Earth radii. Kepler-164 c has the second-shortest year, at 10.9 days, and the second-largest radius, at 2.73 Earth radii. Kepler-164 d has the second-longest year, at 29 days, and the second-smallest radius, at 2.45 Earth radii. Kepler-164 e has the longest year by reported estimates, at 94.9 days, and the largest radius, at 4.24 Earth radii.