GJ 1002 and Its Two Known Planets

GJ 1002 is a nearby star just 15.8 light-years away, with a spectral type of M5.5 V that marks it as a small, cool red dwarf. Its reported mass estimate is 0.12 solar masses and its reported radius estimate is 0.137 solar radii, both smaller than the Sun's, while its temperature of 3020 K is cooler than the Sun's. Two planets are known to orbit this star, both detected in 2022 by the radial velocity method, which measures the wobble a planet's gravity induces in its star's motion; repeated wobbles reveal the planet and its orbital period.

GJ 1002 b has a minimum mass of 1.08 Earth masses and an orbital period of 10.3 days. GJ 1002 c has a minimum mass of 1.36 Earth masses and an orbital period of 21.2 days. Both are minimum masses, meaning lower bounds on the planets' true masses rather than ordinary estimates. Among the listed planets, GJ 1002 b has the shortest year by reported estimates and the smallest minimum mass, while GJ 1002 c has the longest year by reported estimates and the largest minimum mass.